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We have alphabetized files under their last components. And in most cases, only the last component is listed. For example, to find index entries relating to the /etc/passwd file, look under passwd . Our friendly vendors have forced our hand by hiding standard files in new and inventive directories on each system.
Numbers
10BaseT et al. 374
4.4BSD 2
A
Abell, Vic 64
accept 725-726
access agents 537, 540
access.conf file 690
/var/account file 209
acct file 208
aculog file 208
Adams, Rick 291
add_drv 248, 254
adding a user see logins
adding new machines 298-305, 392-394
addresses
electronic mail 542
Ethernet 269-270
Internet 271-283
IPv6 275-276, 281-283, 450-453
loopback 271
multicast 271
private 456
site-wide management 389-390
adduser 92
adjtime 834
/var/adm directory 207
administrative databases 513, 521-534
Admintool 729
ADR tapes 172, 175
ADSL 383-384
ADSM/TSM 202
Aggarwal, Vikas 648
air conditioning 749-751, 786
air plenums 376, 388
AIT tapes 173, 175
Aleks, Norm 558
aliases (email) 550-556
see also aliases file
examples 553-554
for new users 77
for outgoing mail 583-586
hashed files 557
includedirective 552loops 552, 556
mailing list conventions 557
network distribution 514
postmaster 551
precedence 556
reading from a file 552
security 552-553
stored in LDAP 550, 553, 560-562, 582-583
to a file 553
to a program 553
where defined 551
aliases file 88, 514, 551-557, 609
Allen, Jeff 648
Allman, Eric 210, 537, 562-563, 570
Almquist, Phil 394
Alteon Networks 688, 755
always_add_domain578amadmin 190, 200
Amanda 187-201
configuration 190-196
debugging 196-199
dump compression 194
dump types 193-195
installation 188-190
log files 196
overview 187-188
restoring from 200-201
amanda.conf files 190-195, 197, 200
amandad 189
amcheck 189-190
amcleanup 189
amd 505, 509-512, 829
amdump 189
America Online 654, 791
American Power Conversion 752
amflush 189, 197
amlabel 189
amplot 190
amrestore 189, 201
amtape 190
anecdotes 800-805
anonymous FTP see FTP
AOL (ISP) 654, 791
Apache 688-691, 694, 809, 833
APNIC 279, 401
appropriate use policies 788, 793
ARIN 278-279, 390
arp 286
ARP cache 286
ARP protocol 265, 270, 285-287
ARPANET 262, 373, 394
asppp.cf file 314
aspppd 314
AT&T Bell Labs 2, 818
ATA interface see IDE
Atkins, Todd 222
ATM networks 381-382
Austin Group 819
Auth file 321
authlog file 208
auto.direct file 506, 508
auto_master file 505
automount 505-509, 829
direct maps 506-507
executable maps 507
indirect maps 506
master maps 507
Red Hat 509
replicated filesystems 508
automounters 504-512, 806, 829
amd 505, 509-512, 829
automount 505-509, 829
overview 504-505
replicated filesystems 508
autonomous sytems 348
Autostart file 321
AUUG group 814-815
Axent 654
B
backups 164-203
see also Amanda
checking tapes 168-169
commercial products 202-203
compression 170
creating 175-180
dump sequences 179-180
emergency restores 784
for ugprades 184
for Windows 196, 202, 775
general advice 165-169
incremental 176
interactive restore 181-182
media 169-175
backups continued
mega-restore 182-184
network-wide 165
off-site storage 167
open source software 201
restoring from 165, 180-184
security 167, 662
Bailey, Mick 821
bash 81, 808
baud rate 113
BCP documents 264
bdf 134
Berkeley Fast File System 132, 147
Berkeley Unix 2
BEST Power Technology 751
BGP protocol 347, 368
biff 830
/bin directory 64
BIND 809
see also DNS
see also name servers
see also named
client configuration 410-414
FreeBSD 484-485
HP-UX 482-483
Red Hat 484
resolver 304-305, 407, 411-414
security 417-418, 422, 460-469
server configuration 414-469
Solaris 481-482
versions 402-403
biod 501, 829
BIOSes 17, 124-125
block device files 67, 247
blocking factor (tape) 185
board-swap maintenance 746
BOB-CAT-B 116
boot 140, 228
boot loaders 14, 17-22, 130
FreeBSD 19-20, 22
Linux (LILO) 18-22
Solaris 143
boot0cfg 19
BOOTP protocol 287-288
bootparamd 835
bootparams file 835
bootpd 319, 835
bootptab file 835
bootstrapping 12-33
automatic vs. manual 13
device probe 14
from alternate root 240
kernel initialization 14, 240
multibooting 20-22
bootstrapping continued
overview 13-16
PC-specific issues 16-22
run levels 25-28
single-user mode 13, 15-16, 22-24
startup scripts 24-33
Bostic, Keith 557
break-ins 680-682
breakout boxes 115
broadcast storms 301
Brooks, Frederick P., Jr 530
BSD (Berkeley Unix) 2
BugTraq 678
building wiring 386-387
BUS signal 50
byte swapping 185
C
cable analyzer 385
cable modems 384
cables
categories 375-376
fiber optic 380-381, 388
serial 96-101
UTP 375-377, 386
Cahalan, Albert 206
CAIDA 448
Campbell, Ralph 394
cancel 725
Castlewood Industries 171
Category 5 cable 376
catman 7-8
CATV 388
CCIE certification 815
ccTLDs 398
CD-R and CD-RW 171, 175
CENTR 401
Cerf, Vint 263
CERT 678, 682
cfengine 806
CGI scripting 687
Chapman, Brent 558
character device files 67, 247
Chatsworth Products 753
checklist file 62, 134, 147
checklists 779-780
checkpc 738
Checkpoint 296, 313
checksendmail 615
chflags 73
chfn 80
chgrp 74
chkconfig 30
chmod 73-74
chown 74-75
chroot 696
chsh 81
CIDR routing 276-278
CIFS filesystem 769-770
circuit boards 746-747
Cisco routers 368-370, 675, 680
clock algorithm 760
closelog 220-221
clri 138
CNAME hack 445-447
Cockcroft, Adrian 765
Compton's New Media 814
comsat 830
conf.modules file 255-256
conferences 814-816
.config file 231-233
config 234-236, 251
connectors
DB-25 93-96
DB-9 98
mini DIN-8 97-98
RJ-11 113
RJ-45 99-101, 376
SCSI 121-122
/dev/console 220
CONT signal 50, 52, 58
control characters 110-112
control terminal 47
COPS 667, 809
copyright issues 788
Costales, Bryan 563, 570
cphack 789
cpio 185
CPU usage 757-759
crack 666, 784, 809
cron 157-163, 525, 823
and log files 204
common uses 160-162
for dumps 166
logging 158
restricting use 160
skipped commands 158
vendor specifics 163
cron.allow / cron.deny files 160
crontab 157, 160
crontab files 157-160
crypt 656
cryptography 669-675, 788
DES 78, 656, 674
cryptography continued
Diffie-Hellman key exchange 464, 656
in DNS 462-468
password storage 78
public key 464, 673
csh 88
.cshrc file 88
CSLIP protocol 291
CSMA/CD (Ethernet) 373
CSRG group 2
CTS (Clear to Send) 102
cu 104, 114
Cubby v. CompuServe 791
CVS 808
CyberPatrol 789
cylinder groups 133
D
da Silva, James 187
daemons
BSD 827-831
for diskless clients 834-835
NFS 828-829
NIS 829-830
word origin 821
DARPA agency 678
DAT (4mm) tapes 172, 175
DB library 557, 565, 579
DB-25 connector 93-96
DB-9 connector 98
DCD (Carrier Detect) 101-102
dd 185-186
DDS (4mm) tapes 172, 175
Debian Linux 30
DeCSS 789
default permissions 75
default printer 707, 713, 721
default route 283-284, 302, 304, 316, 339, 344, 352, 367, 635
defaultdomain file 307
defaultrouter file 28, 309
delivery agents 537, 540
denial of service 611-612
Deraison, Renaud 665
DES encryption 78, 656, 674
/dev directory 64, 129, 246-247
device drivers 67, 224, 246-251
adding 246-251
device numbers 247-248
FreeBSD 251
Linux 249-251
device drivers continued
loadable 229, 253-256
loopback 242
overview 224
pseudo-devices 242
Solaris 248-249
table of locations 248
device files 67, 72
block/character 67, 247
creating 252
for disks 129, 140, 144, 149, 154, 252-253
for printers 714
for serial ports 67, 103-104
for tape drives 67, 177
for terminals 67
major/minor device numbers 67, 247-248
naming conventions 252-253
security 659
Solaris 228
table by vendor 253
Devices file 314, 321
df 134
dfstab file 494
dhclient 332-333
dhclient.conf file 332
dhclient.leases file 333
DHCP 287-291, 459
FreeBSD 332-333
HP-UX 318-319
Red Hat 324-325
Solaris 310-311
/etc/dhcp.* files 28, 310
dhcp.leases file 290-291
dhcpagent 310-311
dhcpcd 324-325
dhcpd 290-291, 324, 835
dhcpd.conf file 290
dhcpdb2conf 319
dhcpinfo 310
dhcptools 319
Dialers file 314, 321
dial-ins and dial-outs see modems
dial-up networking see PPP
diary files 555, 810
diff 668
Diffie-Hellman key exchange 464, 656
dig 403, 461, 475-478, 809
Digital Millennium Copyright Act 787, 789
directed broadcast 296, 313, 320, 326, 333
directories 66
copying 184
permission bits 69
disable 726
disaster planning 169, 784-787
disklabel 20, 153-155
diskless clients 834-835
disklist file 190, 195-196
disks
as backup media 174
bad blocks 129
boot loaders 130, 143
checking 136-138
cylinder groups 133
cylinders 128
device files 129, 140, 144, 149, 154, 252-253
floppy 170, 175
formatting 129-130
FreeBSD 153-156
HP-UX 143-148
I/O analysis 763-765
installing 128-156
labels 130-131
load balancing 756, 764
logical volume managers 131-132, 143-146
overview 126-136
partitions 130-131
performance 757-765
quotas 89, 490
RAID 132, 756
Red Hat 148-153
removable 171, 175
Solaris 139-143
SuperDisks 170, 175
testing 130
tracks and sectors 128
Zip 170-171, 175
disks 140
disktab file 155
distfile files 516
DIX Ethernet II 267
DLT tapes 172-173, 175
dmesg 139, 144
DMI standard 639
dmispd 643
DMTF task force 639
DNS
see also name servers
A records 441, 456
A6 records 450-451
see also BIND
adding new machines 392-394
DNS continued
client configuration 304-305, 410-414
CNAME records 445-447
DNAME records 451-453
DNSSEC 396-397, 399, 464-468
domain name rules 400-401
domain tree 397-402, 407-409, 455-457
dynamic updates 288, 459-460
EDNS0 (extended DNS) 410
forward/reverse mappings 397, 400, 441-443, 445-447
glue records 455-457
history 394-395
in-addr.arpa domain 442
IPv6 support 450-453
KEY records 464-468
lame delegations 478-479
LOC records 447-448
localhost configuration 455, 480-481
lookup example 408
MX records 443-444, 545, 566, 582-583
name service switch 304-305, 523-524
negative caching 409
NS records 440-441, 455
NXT records 466-467
overview 395-410
PTR records 442-443
Realtime Blackhole List 590, 601-602
recent developments 396-397
referrals 406
resolver 304-305, 407, 411-414
resource records 436-453
security 417-418, 422, 460-469
SIG records 467
SOA records 438-440
split DNS 428-429
SRV records 448-449
stub zones 425, 456-457
TCP vs. UDP 410
trailing dot in names 399, 437
TSIG/TKEY 462-464
TXT records 449
WKS records 449
zone serial numbers 439, 457
zone transfers 405, 410, 419-420, 458-459
dnskeygen 465
DNSSEC 396-397, 399, 464-468
dnssec-keygen 463, 465
dnssec-makekeyset 466
dnssigner 466
documentation 5-8, 389
diary files 810
for users 811
local 9, 89, 809-810
man pages 5-8
DOMAINmacro 576domainname 527, 529
domains
DNS 397-402
NIS 522
NIS+ 531
squatting (DNS) 398
dot files 87-88
DoubleClick.net 790
dropped packets 628
/dev/drum file 44, 659
drvconfig 140
DSL 383-384
DSR (Data Set Ready) 102
DTR (Data Terminal Ready) 102
dual booting 20-22
dummynet 334
dump 138-179, 195
Solaris 178-179
use by operators 129
dumpdates file 177, 189
dumps see backups
Dunlap, Kevin 394
DVMRP protocol 351
E
EDNS0 (extended DNS) 410
edquota 89
eeprom 102
EIGRP protocol 347, 350
electrical power 751-753
Electronic Frontier Foundation 789, 814
electronic mail 535-624
see also MX records
see also Postfix
see also sendmail
access agents 537, 540
addressing 542
aliases see aliases (email)
blacklists 601-602
configuring user agent 88
delivery agents 537, 540
denial of service 611-612
electronic mail continued
design hints 546
distributing aliases 162
editing mailboxes 801
forgery 612-613
forwarding 551, 553, 555-556, 608, 621
headers 541-546, 604-606
home machine 88, 549
IMAP 537, 540, 546, 549-550, 775, 831
loops 552, 556
mail queue 567-570
mailing lists 557-560
message stores 540
message structure 541-546
ownership 778
privacy 802
proxies 547
relaying 597-599
security 607-614, 662
server architecture 547-548
social aspects 535
spam 535-536, 548, 590, 595-607, 792-793
spool directory 549
submission agents 537, 540-541
transport agents 537, 539
user agents 537-539
viruses 602
Windows software 775
elm 538
emacs 2, 88, 538, 809
emergencies 784-787
encryption see cryptography
Energy Star certification 752
enscript 740-741, 809
envelope addresses 541
environment variables 88
equipment racks 752-753
error correction protocols 113-114
ESMTP protocol 617
/etc directory 64
ethereal 809
Ethernet
addresses 269-270
ARP protocol 285-287
broadcast domain 375
cabling 268
collisions 374
congestion 389
connecting 377-380
design issues 387-389
dropped packets 628
Ethernet continued
framing standards 267-268
hardware 375-380
hubs and concentrators 377
over UTP 375-377, 386
overview 373-375
packet encapsulation 266-267
promiscuous mode 636
switches 375, 377-379, 636
table of hardware 374
troubleshooting 385
ethers file 287, 514, 835
Eudora 538
EUROPEN 814
Exabyte tapes 171-172, 175
exec 48
execute bit 69-75
exmh 538, 809
expect 2, 370, 519
exportfs 493
exports file 414, 493-499
F
Farmer, Dan 665, 667, 669
FC-AL 119
fd2log file 208
FDDI networks 380-381
fdisk 149-151, 153-154
FEATUREmacro 577Federated Naming Service 721
fiber optic cables 380-381, 388
Fibre Channel 119
file servers 503-504
file sets 186-187
files
network distribution 515
ownership 37-38
permissions 69-75
types 66-69
filesystems
busy 62
checking 16
cleaning up 161-162
copying 185
creating 132-133
damaged 136-138
design hints 166
disabling setuid execution 658
FreeBSD 155-156
HP-UX 145-148
inodes 133
ISO-9660 243
filesystems continued
journaling 137, 142, 147
load balancing 756, 764
lost+found directory 134, 138
mount options 135
mounting 62-64, 133-136
mounting via NFS 501-502
organization 64-65
overview 132-133
patching 138
quotas 89, 490
Red Hat 151-153
replicated 508
root filesystem 64, 131, 240
size 167
Solaris 141-143
superblocks 133
unmounting 62, 135
Filter file 321
finger 80, 833
fingerd 661
fire walls (physical) 388
FireBERD 385
firewalls 296, 675-678
effect on traceroute 631
FreeBSD 333-337
packet-filtering 675
Red Hat 327-329
service proxies 676
stateful inspection 677
two-stage 676
FireWire 120
floppy disks 170, 175
flow control 102
Fluke LanMeter 385
fork 47-48
format 130, 140
.forward files 551, 553, 555-556, 608, 621
fragmentation 269
frame relay 382-383
framing 267-268
FreeBSD 4
fsck 133-138, 142, 152
at boot time 16
parallel operation 135
use of lost+found 134
with alternate superblock 133
fsflush 828
fstab file 62, 133-137, 152-153, 156, 501
and fsck 137
NFS filesystems 501
vs. automounting 504
FTP
compared with HTTP 696
conflicts with NAT 281
for config files 520-521
quarantine host 676
security 659
server setup 696-697
through firewalls 676-677
ftp login 696
ftp.log file 208
ftpd 831
fully qualified domain name 399
fuser 63-64
FYI documents 264
G
gated 316, 351-368, 832
address matching syntax 358
configuration 354-366
configuration example 364-366
control with gdc 353
debugging 353-355
ICMP redirects 363
interface configuration 356
OSPF configuration 360-362
RIP configuration 358-360
route preferences 356-357
route translation 364
static routes 363-364
vendor specifics 366-367
vendor support 353
gated.conf file 353-366
gatedlog file 208
GATEWAYkernel option 240/etc/gateways file 309, 352
gdc 353
GECOS information 80
Geer, Dan 167
genericstable581, 590, 594gethostbyname 407
getpwent 514
getty 16, 105, 822
configuration file 108
on bidirectional ports 115
gettydefs file 106, 108-109
gettytab file 106-107
ghostscript 706, 740, 742
ghostview 742, 809
GIDs 38, 47, 72, 79-80
real vs. effective 38
site-wide management 490, 780
gimp 809
glimpse 809
globbing 5
GNU 789
gnutar 187, 195
/etc/group file 38, 80, 88-89, 91-92, 524, 533
and NIS 529
for FTP servers 696
network distribution 514
security 655, 659
group logins 657
groupadd / groupdel 91-92
groupmod 91-92
gTLDs 397, 399
guest logins 781
gzip 808
H
halt 35
halting 33-36
hard carrier 101-102
hard disks see disks
hard links 66-67
hard mounts 501
hardware
auditing 235
circuit boards 746-747
decommissioning 745, 812-813
device priority 241
environment 749-751, 786
equipment racks 752-753
Ethernet switches 375, 377-379, 636
FreeBSD kernel configuration 240-244
labeling 810
log 745
maintenance 744-753
memory 14, 747-748, 755
monitors 170, 691, 747
networking 372-391
parallel ports 116-117
PC see PC hardware 776
power supplies 751-753
procurement 811-812
serial 93-103
static electricity 746-747
UPSs 786
USB 117
wiring 386-387
headers (email) 541-546, 604-606
Hewlett-Packard 3
hiring and firing 797-799
home directories 65, 81, 87
horror stories 800-805
host 461, 475-478
host unreachable error 631
host.conf file 305, 524
/etc/hostname file 322
hostname 299
hostname aliases 445
/etc/hostname.* files 28, 308
hostnames 269-270, 298-299
hosts file 298-300, 305-307, 316, 395, 407, 414, 524
and NIS 529
and rarpd 287, 835
name service switch 304-305, 523-524
network distribution 514
hosts.equiv file 660, 673, 709, 831
hosts.lpd file 709
HTTP protocol 685-691
httpd 688-691, 694, 809, 833
humidity 749
HUP signal 50-51, 210, 567
and cron 158
and inetd 826
and init 106, 823
and mountd 493, 499
and named 457
and sendmail 567, 578
and syslogd 210
hwconf file 31
I
ICANN 278-279, 390, 401
ICMP 265, 337
echo request 627
redirects 285, 295, 313, 320, 326, 333, 363
sequence numbers 628
IDA sendmail 537
IDE interface 118-119, 124-126, 128
IDENT protocol 613
identd 613
IEEE standards
1284 (parallel ports) 116-117
1394 (FireWire) 120
802.11 (wireless) 268
802.1Q (VLAN trunking) 379
802.2 (link layer) 267
802.3 (Ethernet) 316, 374, 377
IETF 263
ifconfig 272, 300-302, 308-310, 315-316, 323, 331, 692-693
with PPP 293
ifdown 323
ifup 323
IGRP protocol 347, 350
IMAP 537, 540, 546, 549-550, 775, 831
imapd 540, 809, 831
Imation 170
in-addr.arpa domain 442
inetd 320, 518, 822-824
and ftpd 696
and portmap 827
and tcpd 666
configuration 824-825
HP extensions 666
inetd.conf file 189, 519, 666, 696, 824-825
init 13-16, 24-33, 36, 48, 822-823
changing run level 36
configuring 107-108
killing 36
role in login 105
run levels 25-28, 823
signaling 36, 106
System V version 823
init.d directory 25-28, 823
inittab file 105-109, 822-823
inodes 133
insmod 255
installboot 143
INT signal 50-51
intellectual property 778
Internet
dial-up connections see PPP
backup connections 348, 787
governance 263-265
standards and docs 263-265
sysadmin resources 9-10
wild frontier 778
Internet Official Protocol Standards 264
Internet protocol 265-285
see also routing
address assignment 275-279, 298-299
address classes 272
addressing 269-283
ARP 265, 270, 285-287
broadcast addresses 301
CIDR 276-278
Internet protocol continued
directed broadcast 296, 313, 320, 326, 333
fragmentation 269
IPSEC 297
packet forwarding 295, 302-304, 313, 320, 326, 333
ports 270-271
private addresses 279-281
source routing 296, 313, 319-320, 326, 333
subnetting 272-275
ioctl 108
IOS (router OS) 368-370
ioscan 144
iostat 763-764
ipcalc 274
ipchains 327-329, 334
ipf 334-337
ipf.rules file 335, 337
IPFilter 333-337
ipfstat 334
ipfw 333-334
ipnat 334-337
ipnat.rules file 336-337
IPSEC 297, 788
IPv6 275-276, 281-283
addressing 450-453
DNS support 396, 450-453
ISC (Internet Software Consortium) 288-289, 394
ISDN 383
IS-IS protocol 347, 351
ISO-9660 filesystem 243
ISOC (Internet Society) 263
ISPs
appropriate use and spam policy 596, 788, 793
as backup mail servers 548
as potential spies 790
DNS services 400
IP address allocation 278-283
redundant 348, 787
reverse DNS delegation 445-447
J
Jacobson, Van 263, 291, 629
Jaz disks 171, 175
Johner, Heinz 533
Joy, BIll 132
jukeboxes 173-174
JUS society 814
K
Kahn, Bob 263
Karels, Mike 394
Kerberos 670-671
/kernel directory 227
kernel
address space 44
and NFS 499
bootstrap information 240
configkeyword 240configuration 226-246
FreeBSD configuration 233-246
FreeBSD tuning 244-246
GATEWAYoption 240generic 226, 235
HP-UX configuration 229-231
initialization 14
installing 237
Linux configuration 231-233
location 64
maxuserskeyword 238
optionskeyword 239-240overview 224-225
panics 136, 138
pseudo-devicekeyword 242Solaris configuration 226-229
table of BSD keywords 238
table sizes 238
kerneld 256
Keys file 321
kflushd 15
kill 51
KILL signal 50-51
Kim, Gene 668
/dev/kmem file 44, 659
Kolstad, Rob 615, 793
Kotsikonas, Anastasios 560
kpiod 15, 827
ksh 81
kswapd 15, 827
Kudzu 31
kupdate 15
L
lanadmin 29, 317-318
LANs 373
lanscan 316-317
lastlog file 208
law see legal issues 787
LDAP
documentation 533
overview 532-533
software 534
use with sendmail 550, 553, 560-562, 582-583
ldap_routing582Leffler, Sam 132, 577
legal issues 787-792, 813-814
Legato 203
liability 788, 791
Libes, Don 519
licenses (software) 792
LILO 18-23, 152, 232
lilo 18-19, 22, 152
lilo.conf file 18-19, 21, 152, 232
Link Control Protocol 291
links
as shown by ls 72
hard 66-67
symbolic 68-69
Linux 3
Linux LVM 132
linuxconf 323
LISA conference 793, 816
ListProc 558, 560
LISTSERV Lite 558, 560
ln 66, 68
load averages 759
load balancing (disk) 756, 764
load balancing (web) 409, 445, 688, 755
loadable drivers 229, 253-256
dangers 253
FreeBSD 256
Linux 254-256
Solaris 253-254
loader.conf file 20
local_lmtp586
local_procmail587LocalDirector 688, 755
localhost DNS configuration 455, 480-481
local-host-names file 578, 590
localization 805-809
lockd 490, 829
/dev/log 210
log files
see also syslog
accounting 208
Amanda 196
archiving 206
BIND 403, 423
design hints 218
log files continued
discarding 204
filtering and postprocessing 222-223
finding 207-208
for cron 158
for login 208
for sendmail 617
for sudo 42
FreeBSD 209-210
HP-UX 209
logging to /dev/console 220
network-wide 218
not to manage 208-209
Red Hat 209
replacing while in use 206
rotating 205-206, 210
sendmail 617
Solaris 209
table of locations 208
logcheck 222-223
logger 219
logging in 105
logical unit numbers 123
logical volume managers 131-132, 143-146
.login file 88
login 39, 105, 208
;login: newsletter 815
/etc/login.conf file 81
logingroup file 80
logins
adding 85-89
bin 44, 79
daemon 44, 79
disabling 90-91
ftp 696
GECOS information 80
groups 79-80, 88-89
guest 781
home directories 65, 81, 87
mail home 88, 549
naming conventions 77-78
nobody 44, 491, 531
passwords 78-79, 86-87
policy agreements 782-783
pseudo-users 79
recycling UIDs 79
removing 90
root 39-43, 79, 657-658
shared 657, 780
shells 81
site-wide management 490, 780
sys 44
.logout file 88
loopback interface 271, 284, 299, 301, 343
lost+found directory 134, 138, 162
Lövstrand, Lennart 563
lp 719-720
lpacct file 208
lpadmin 722-724
lpbanner 738
lpc 708, 710-711
lpd 707-709, 828
lpd.conf file 737
lpd.perms file 737
lpd-errs file 208, 215
LPDEST environment variable 721
lpf 716
lpfilter 729
lpforms 729
lpget 729
lpmove 726
lpq 708-709
lpr 707-710
lprm 708, 710
LPRng 735-739, 809
lpsched 719-722, 828
lpset 729
lpshut 721
lpstat 724
lptcontrol 708
lptest 708
lpunlock 708
lpusers 729
ls 38, 71-73, 87
lsmod 254
lsof 64
Lucent Portmaster 295
lvcreate 145-146
lvextend 146
lvlnboot 146
M
m4 563, 570-571
mactime 669
magnetic media 169-175
bin/mail 538
ucb/mail 538
mail headers 541-546, 604-606
mail homes 88, 549
mail submission agents 537, 540-541
mail.local 540, 586, 610
MAIL_HUBmacro 584, 592
MAILERmacro 576-577mailers 576-577
fax 577
Usenet 576
mailertable580mailing lists 557-560
Mailman 558-560
.mailrc file 88
mailstats 614
mailx 88
main.cf file 619
maintenance 744-753
contracts 745-746
monitors 691
preventive 748-749
under warranty 746
Majordomo 208, 558-559
make 516, 522, 525
makedbm 525, 527
MAKEDEV 67, 252
makemap 579-580
Mammoth tapes 173, 175
/usr/man directory 7
man 7-8
man pages 5
Manheimer, Ken 559
MANPATH environment variable 7
MANs 373
master.cf file 619
/etc/master.passwd file 81, 86, 655
Mattel 789
MBR (Master Boot Record) 17-19
McCreary, Sean 719
McKusick, Kirk 132
MCSE certification 815
MD5-based passwords 78
mediainit 130, 144
/dev/mem file 44, 659
memory 14
effect on performance 755, 757
installing 747-748
management 760-763
memory-based filesystems 765
Merit GateD Consortium 352
message of the day 105, 790
message stores 537, 540
messages file 208, 215
Metcalfe, Bob 373
mfs 765
mh 538, 809
MIBs see SNMP
Microsoft Windows see Windows
mini DIN-8 connector 97-98
mkdir 66
mke2fs 151-152
mkfs 132, 151
mklost+found 134
mknod 67, 252
mkswap 152
Mockapetris, Paul 394
modems 113-115
modinfo 229, 253-254
modload 254, 256
modprobe 255-256
modstat 256
/modules directory 256
modunload 254, 256
monitors 170, 691, 747
Moore's Law 127, 263
Morning Star 321
Morris, Robert Jr. 651
MOSPF protocol 351
motd file 105, 790
mount 62, 133-136, 142, 147, 500
mount points 62
mountd 493, 829
mounting a filesystem see filesystems
mpage 740, 809
mqueue directory 565, 568
MRTG program 647-648
mt 186-187
MTUs 268-269, 380, 628
Muffett, Alec D. E. 666
multibooting 20-22
multicasting 271
multiuser mode 16
mush 538
mutt 538
MX records 443-444, 545, 566, 582-583
N
name servers
see also BIND
see also DNS
see also named
authoritative 404-406, 413
caching 404-406, 409-410
configuration 414-469
dynamic updates 459-460
forwarding 413, 421
internal 413
lame delegations 478-479
master vs. slave 405, 426
name servers continued
recursive vs. nonrecursive 406-407, 412
zone delegation 407-409, 455-457
zone serial numbers 439, 457
zone transfers 405, 410, 419-420, 458-459
name service switch 304-305, 523-524
named 833
see also name servers
access control lists 422, 460-462
address match lists 416
check-namesoption 419chrooted 462
configuration 414-469
configuration examples 429-436
controlsstatement 427-428debugging 473-479
determining version 403
error messages 471-473
forwarding 413, 421
FreeBSD 484-485
$GENERATEdirective 454HP-UX 482-483
$INCLUDEdirective 454
includestatement 417
keystatement 427
listen-onoption 421localhost configuration 455, 480-481
logging 423, 469-473
notification options 418
optionsstatement 417
$ORIGINdirective 454overview 404
parser directives 453-454
query-sourceoption 421recursion 406-407, 418
Red Hat 484
root server hints 407, 426, 479-480
server access controls 422
serverstatement 422-423Solaris 481-482
table of statements 416
trusted-keysstatement 427TSIG/TKEY 462-464
$TTLdirective 437, 440, 454version string 417-418
viewstatement 428-429named continued
wrangling with ndc 415, 427-428, 457, 473-475
zone serial numbers 439, 457
zonestatement 424-427zone transfers 405, 410, 419-420, 458-459
named pipes 68
named.boot file 415
named.conf file 415-436
named.run file 473
named.stats file 474
named_dump.db file 474
Napster 779
NAT 279-281
FreeBSD 336-337
Red Hat 327-330
natd 334
ncheck 138
ndc 415, 427-428, 457, 473-475
ndd 311-313, 319-320, 692
nddconf file 29, 320
Nemeth, Evi 656
Nessus 665
netconf file 29, 315-316, 318
netconfig file 697
netdaemons file 29
netgroup file 514, 522
netgroups 522
netmasks 272-275
netmasks file 308
Netscape Communicator 808
netstat 317, 324, 331, 631-636
examining interfaces 300
examining routing table 283-284
UDP pier overflows 500
nettl 638
Network Associates 671
network file 322
Network Solutions, Inc. 399
network unreachable error 302, 631
networking 271, 297
adding new machines 298-305, 392-394
addressing 269-283
administrative databases 513, 521-534
ARP protocol 265, 270, 285-287
ATM 381-382
broadcast addresses 301
cable modems 384
CIDR 276-278
config files by system 307
networking continued
congestion 389
default route 283-284, 302, 304, 316, 339, 344, 352, 367, 635
DHCP 287-291
dropped packets 628
DSL 383-384
errors and collisions 633
FDDI 380-381
firewalls 296, 327-329, 333-337, 675-678
fragmentation 269
frame relay 382-383
FreeBSD 330-340
hardware 372-391
HP-UX 315-322
interface configuration 300-302
IP addresses 271-283
IPSEC 788
IPv6 275-276, 281-283
ISDN 383
kernel options 230, 233, 239-240, 244-246
load balancing 409, 445, 688, 755
loopback 271, 284, 299, 301, 343
management see SNMP
MTUs 268-269, 380, 628
NAT 279-281, 327-329
network design 387-389
network interfaces 633
network printers 706, 728
packet sniffers 385, 636-639
packet TTLs 630
packets and nesting 266-267
performance 631
port scanning 663, 665
ports 270-271
PPP 291-295
protocol stack 265-267
protocol statistics 635-636
RARP protocol 287
Red Hat 322-330
redundant connections 348, 787
round trip time 628
routing see routing
security see security
Solaris 307-315
subnetting 272-275
troubleshooting 385, 626-636
viewing connections 632
virtual interfaces 691-694
virtual private networks 296-297
networking continued
VLANs 379
wireless 268
wiring 386-387
networks file 303, 514
network-scripts directory 32
newaliases 162, 557
newfs 59, 132, 142, 146-147
newgrp 80
news see Usenet
.newsrc file 88
newsyslog 211
NFS 488-512
see also automounters
and the fstab file 135
daemons 828-829
dedicated file servers 503-504
dumping restrictions 176
exporting filesystems 493-500
FreeBSD 495, 498-499
hard vs. soft mounts 501
HP-UX 495-496, 500
junk files 161
kernel options 239
locking 549
magic cookies 491
monitoring and tuning 503
mounting remote filesystems 501-502
naming conventions 492
protocol versions 488
Red Hat 495, 497-498, 500, 509
security 491-492, 494, 502
Solaris 494-495, 500-501
table of mount options 502
TCP vs. UDP 489
use with Windows 770
nfsd 493, 499-500, 828
nfsiod 501, 829
nfsstat 503
nice 52-53
nice value 47, 52-53
NIS 298, 307, 515, 521, 523-530, 550
advantages and disadvantages 524-525
commonly-shared files 514
daemons 829-830
domains 522
map of servers 526
name service switch 523-524
netgroups 522
overview 525-527
query procedure 526
security 661-662
NIS continued
setting up 527-530
slave servers 522
table of components 527
vendor specifics 529-530
vendor support 521
NIS+ 515
domains 531
relationship to NIS 530-531
vendor support 521
nisd 830
NLOGS syslog parameter 219
nmap 663-665, 808
nmbd 770
nmh 538
nobody login 44, 491, 531
nocanonify579NOCOL 648
nodename file 307
/etc/notrouter file 309
npasswd 809
NS records 440-441, 455
NSFNET 262
nslookup 407, 461, 475-478, 809
nss_ldap 534
nsswitch.conf file 305, 307-308, 523-524
NTP protocol 834
NTRIGUE 776
nullclient585-586nvi 809
O
O'Reilly books 817
Oetiker, Tobi 647, 806
office wiring 386
off-site backups 167
on 832
one-time passwords 674
on-site maintenance 745
The Open Group 818
open relaying 597
Openlaw 789
OpenLDAP 534
openlog 220-221
openprom 228
OpenSSH 672
OpenView 643
OPIE 674
Orb disks 171, 175
ORBS (Open Relay Behavior-modification System) 597
OSPF 347, 350-351, 360-362, 368
designated routers 361
router priority 362
routing areas 360-361
OSTYPEmacro 574-575Ousterhout, John 519
Outlook Express 538
Owens, Keith 274
ownership
of files 37-38, 74
of processes 38-39
P
pac 715
pacadm 109
pacct file 208
packet filtering see firewalls
packet sniffers 385, 636-639, 642
PADL Software 534
page clusters 760
pagedaemon 14, 827
pageout 827
paging 136, 760-761
Painter, Mark 394
PAM (pluggable authentication modules) 656
pam_ldap 534
parallel ports 116-117
partitions
alternate root 240
design hints 166
entire disk 130
FreeBSD 153-156
HP-UX 143-148
load balancing 756, 764
overlapping 130
overview 130-131
purpose 130
Red Hat 148-153
root partition 64, 131, 240
size 167
Solaris 140-143
swap 131, 136
/etc/passwd file 38, 76-83, 86, 91-92, 514, 529
and mail aliases 551
security 655-659
passwd command 38-39, 78, 83, 86, 208, 215
passwords 78-79, 655-656
aging 657
guessing 666
passwords continued
length 656
one-time 674
selection rules 39-40, 86-87, 655-656
shadow 78-79, 82-84, 656-657
patents 813-814
PC hardware 776
BIOSes 17, 124-125
boot device priority 17
bootstrapping 16-22
device drivers 246
general tips 776-777
multibooting 20-22
vs. workstations 17
PC systems see Windows
PCL (printer PDL) 705
pclbanner 738
PDLs (page description languages) 704
Pendry, Jan-Simon 505
performance 754-768
CPU 757-759
disk 757-765
factors affecting 756-757
improving 755-756
load averages 759
memory 757, 761-763
troubleshooting 766-768
Perl 2, 10, 808
permanent virtual circuits 382
permissions 69-75
PGP 613, 671-672, 809
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) 613
phone jacks 113
phones file 114-115, 577
pico 809
PIDs (process IDs) 46
PIM protocol 351
pine 538, 809
ping 627-629
piracy 792
PIX (Cisco product) 296, 320
pkgadd 248, 314, 808
pkginfo 314
/platform directory 227
pluggable authentication modules 656
pmadm 109
policy agreements 89, 779-785
Polk, Jeff 793
Pomes, Paul 563
POP 537, 540, 546, 549-550, 831
popper 831
pornography 698, 788, 791, 803
port scanning 663-665
portmap 492-493, 824-827
/usr/ports directory 690, 808
POSIX 818
Postel, Jon 263
Postfix 537, 618-623
architecture 618
configuration 619-621
example configuration 622-623
security 619
spam control 621-622
postmaster alias 551
PostScript 705-706
Powell, Patrick 735
power management 751
PPID (Parent Process ID) 46
PPP 291-295
address assignment 294
FreeBSD 337-340
HP-UX 321-322
link control 291-293
network control protocols 292
performance 292-293
Red Hat 329
routing 294
security 294
Solaris 209, 314-315
ppp 337-338
ppp.conf file 337-338
ppp.deny file 338
pppd 321, 338-339
pppstats 340
Predictive Networks 790
/var/preserve directory 162
Preston, W. Curtis 203
Pretty Good Privacy 613, 671-672, 809
printcap file 514, 707-709, 712-719
for LPRng 738
format and syntax 712-713
user-defined extensions 718
variables 713-718
variables for serial devices 717-718
PRINTER environment variable 707
.printers file 729
printers.conf file 722, 729
printing 703-743
access control 709
accounting 715, 738-739, 741
adding printers 728-734
BSD software 707-719
printing continued
BSD vs. SysV 703-704
connection methods 705-706
debugging 739
default printer 707, 713, 721
filters (BSD) 716-717, 738
FreeBSD 734
HP-UX 731-732
interface programs 722-723, 726-727
LPRng 735-739
network printers 706, 728
philosophy 741-743
Red Hat 732-734
remote printers 715-716, 728
removing jobs 710, 725
security 742
Solaris 729-731
spool directory 713-714, 720
SysV examples 723
SysV software 719-728
to files and programs 719
toner cartridges 742
wedged printing system 711, 727-728
printtool 708
priority 47, 52-53
privacy 789-790
private IP addresses 279-281, 456
privileged ports 271, 663, 675
probe-scsi 139
process groups 47
processes
components 45-47
control terminal 47
monitoring 53-57
ownership 38-39, 46-47
PPIDs 46
priority 47, 52-53
process groups 47
runaway 57-59
sending signals to 51
spontaneous 14-15
states 51-52
zombie 54, 823
procinfo 765
procmail 540, 587, 809
procurement 811-812
.profile file 88
.project file 833
promiscuous mode 636
protocol stack 266-267
protocols file 514, 824
proxy servers 695
prtconf 229
ps 53-56, 659, 759
psbanner 738
pseudo-devices 242
pstat 761-762, 766
PTR records 442-443
PTYs (pseudo-terminals) 242
public key cryptography 464, 673
pump 324-325
purchasing 811-812
pvcreate 144
pvdisplay 146
pwd_mkdb 81
Q
queuemh 555, 796
QUIT signal 50-51
quotas 89, 490
R
racks 752-753
RAID 132, 756
ram 765
RAM disks 765
RARP protocol 287, 835
rarpd 835
rc scripts see startup scripts
rc.conf file 32, 330, 332-333
rc.config.d directory 28-29
rc.d directory 30
rc.local script (Red Hat) 30
rc.log file 29
rcmd 832
rcp 660, 672, 832
RCS 808
rdist 515-517
rdump see dump
read bit 69-75
RealNames 401
Realtime Blackhole List 590, 601-602
reboot 35
rebooting 33-36
recommended vendors 390-391
recycling UIDs 79
Reed, Darren 333
regular files 66
reject 725-726
relative paths 68
relay-domains file 597
rem_drv 254
remote file 104, 114-115, 577
remote printers 715-716
removing a user see logins
renice 52-53, 767
replicated filesystems 508
req 796
reset 112
resolv.conf file 304-306, 411-414
resolver (DNS) 304-305, 407, 411-414
restore 180-184
return air plenums 376, 388
rexd 661, 832
rexecd 661, 832
RFC documents 263-265
.rhosts file 516, 660, 673, 831
Rickert, Neil 563
Riggle, David 394
RIP protocol 347, 349-352, 358-360, 367-368
RIPE 279
RIPs (raster image processors) 704
RJ-11 connector 113
RJ-45 connector 99-101
rlogin 660, 672
rlogind 516, 660, 831
rlpdaemon 828
rlpr 740
rm 66, 68
rmail 538
rmmod 255
RMON MIB 642
rmuser 92
rndc 415, 427-428, 457, 473-475
root login 39-43
accessing 40-43
operations restricted to 39
security 657-658
subdividing 41-43
root partition 64, 131
alternate 240
device 240
root password 39-40
rotating log files 205-206
rotz 211
Rouillard, John 558
round robin (DNS) 409
route 284, 302-303, 323, 331, 340
route file 283
routed 309, 351-352, 367-368, 832
Router Discovery Protocol 351
routing 283-285, 342-371
autonomous systems 348
BGP 347, 368
Cisco routers 368-370
daemons 351-367
debugging 629-631, 634-635
default route 283-284, 302, 304, 316, 339, 344, 352, 367, 635
for PPP 294
ICMP redirects 285, 295, 313, 320, 326, 333, 363
IGRP/EIGRP 347, 350
IS-IS 347, 351
loopback 343
OSPF 347, 350-351, 360-362
packet forwarding 295, 302-304, 313, 320, 326, 333
RIP 347, 349-352, 358-360, 367-368
route tracing 628-631
Router Discovery Protocol 351
routers 368-370, 377, 379-380
static routes 284, 302-303, 363-364
strategy 367-368
tables 283, 634-635
unreachable networks 302, 631
vendor specifics 366-367
Rowland, Craig 222
rpc file 514, 825
RPC protocol 826-827
rpc.mountd 493, 829
rpc.nfsd 828
rpc.nisd 830
rpcbind 492-493, 824-827
rpm 808
rquotad 490
RRDtool 648
rrestore 180-184
RS-232 93-96, 102
see also serial cables
rsh 516, 832
rshd 660, 832
rsync 518-519
RTS (Request to Send) 102
run levels 25-28
runaway processes 57-59
rwhod 831
S
S/Key 674
S/MIME 613
sacadm 109
SafeFileEnvironment610SAGE guild 793, 814-816
SAGE-AU guild 814
SAINT 665
SAM administration tool 229-230, 316, 319
Samba 770-773, 809
SANS institute 679, 793, 814
sar 758, 761-762
SASL 614
SATAN 665
/sbin directory 64
SCA connector 121
SCCS 808
sched 15
SCHEDLOCK file 722
SCSI 118-124, 128-129
cables and connectors 121-122
differential 120-121, 123
logical unit numbers 123
Solaris 139-140
table of versions 121
target number 123-124
termination 122-123
troubleshooting 123-124
vs. IDE 126
wide 121
search bit 69-75
second system effect 530
Secure Remote Password 674
secure terminals 660
security 651-683
backups 167, 662
CERT 678
cryptography 669-675
directed broadcast 296, 313, 320, 326, 333
DNS 417-418, 422, 460-469
electronic mail 607-614, 662
firewalls 296, 327-329, 333-337, 675-678
handling a break-in 680-682
ICMP redirects 285, 295, 313, 320, 326, 333
in /etc/group 655, 659
in /etc/passwd 655-658
information sources 678-680
Kerberos 670-671
log files 204, 218
network 295-297, 313, 320-321, 326-329, 333-337
NFS 491-492, 494, 502
NIS 661-662
security continued
notification of problems 223
packet forwarding 295, 313, 320, 326, 333
packet sniffers 636-639
passwords 655-656
policy 781-782
Postfix 619
power tools 663-675
PPP 294
printer 742
remote logging 660
secure terminals 660
setuid programs 38, 658-659
shadow passwords 78-79, 82-84, 656-657
SNMP 642
source routing 296, 313, 319-320, 326, 333
trojan horses 662-663
username uniqueness 78
vendor-specific resources 679
viruses 596
SecurityFocus 678
segmentation violation 50
SEGV signal 50
selfcheck 189
Seltzer, Margo 557
sendbackup 189
sendmail 537-624
access database 597, 599-601
always_add_domainfeature 578configuration 570-614
configuration examples 588-595
converting .mc to .cf 572-573
debugging 615-617
documentation 570
DOMAINmacro 576
FEATUREmacro 577
genericstablefeature 581, 590, 594header checking 593, 602-603
history 537, 562-563
HP-UX 29
installation 565-566
ldap_routingfeature 582
local_lmtpfeature 586
local_procmailfeature 587log files 617
mail handling tables 579-583
mail to disabled account 91
MAIL_HUBmacro 584, 592sendmail continued
MAILERmacro 576-577mailers 576-577
mailertablefeature 580masquerading 583-586
modes of operation 566
nocanonifyfeature 579
nullclientfeature 585-586old-style config options 587-588
OSTYPEmacro 574-575privacy options 610-611
queue 567-570
Red Hat 31-32
redirectfeature 556relaying 597-599
SafeFileEnvironmentoption 610security 607-614, 662
service switch 566
SMART_HOSTmacro 584, 592
smrshfeature 586spam-control features 595-607
special users 608-609
statistics 614
use_cw_filefeature 578vendor versions 564
verbose delivery 615-616
VERSIONIDmacro 574versions 563
virtusertablefeature 581-582, 590, 594Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide 623
Sendmail, Inc. 537, 591
sendmail.cf file 565, 567, 570
sendmail.cw file 578
sendmail.st file 614
sendsize 189, 199
SEPP software 806
serial cables
DCE vs. DTE 95
length limits 102
null modem 97
straight 97
variants 96-101
Yost standard 99-101
serial connectors
DB-25 95-96
DB-9 98
mini DIN-8 97-98
RJ-45 99-101
serial driver
device files 252
serial driver continued
inspecting settings 111
resetting 112
setting options 111-112
special characters 110-112
serial ports 93-116
bidirectional 103
DCE vs. DTE 95
device files 67, 103-104
flow control 102
for terminals 104-110
hard/soft carrier 101-102
resetting 112
setting options 111-112
software aspects 103-112
Solaris 109
special characters 110-112
service proxy firewalls 676
service.switch file 566
/etc/services file 189, 271, 514, 519, 825-826
setgid bit 69, 72
setkey 297
setrlimit 767
setuid bit 69, 72
setuid execution 38
security issues 658-659
shell scripts 658
sh 2, 81, 88
/etc/shadow file 79, 82-84, 86, 514, 655-658
shadow passwords 78-79, 82-84, 656-657
share 493-494
shareall 493
shared logins 780
sharetab file 493
sharing a filesystem see NFS
/etc/shells file 81, 91, 553
shells 81, 657
.shosts file 673
shutdown 34-35, 208, 215
shutdownlog file 208
shutting down 33-36
signals 38
see also individual signal names
caught, blocked, or ignored 49
common signals 50-51
overview 48-51
sending 51
table of 49
single-user mode 13, 15-16, 22-24
FreeBSD 24
HP-UX 23
single-user mode continued
Red Hat 15, 23-24
Solaris 22-23
skel directory 87
Slackware 30
slapd 534, 561
slarpd 534
SLIP protocol 291
SMART_HOSTmacro 584, 592SmartList 558, 560
SMB protocol 770-773
smb.conf file 771
smbd 770
smbstatus 773
smbtar 187, 196, 775
smrsh 540, 586, 610
SMTP 537, 539, 617, 624, 676
smtpd 547
smtpfwdd 547
Sniffer Technologies 385
sniffit 809
snitches 819
SNMP 639-650
agents 642-646
basic data types 640
communities 642
free tools 646
HP-UX 29, 643-644
MIB-II 641
MIBs and OIDs 640
protocol operations 641
RMON MIB 642
security 642
Solaris 643
table of OIDs 641
traps 642
UCD implementation 645
snmpd 644-645, 831
snmpd.conf file 643-645
snmpdx 643
snmpget 646
snmpwalk 646
snmpXdmid 643
snoop 637-638
SOA records 438-440
socket 68
soft carrier 101-102
soft links 68-69
soft mounts 501
software
patents 813-814
piracy 792
recommended 808-809
SoftWindows 776
Solaris 3
SONET 383
source routing 296, 313, 319-320, 326, 333
Spafford, Gene 668
spam 535-536, 548, 590, 595-607, 792-793
blacklists 601-602
danger of replying 596, 603
general policy 603-604
open relays 597-599
Postfix features 621-622
sendmail features 595-603
tracing 604-607
SpamCop 607
spdadd 297
spontaneous processes 14-15
spooler 704
spop 540
Squid 694-696, 792, 809
srm.conf file 690
SRP protocol 674
SSH 516, 660, 672-674, 808, 832
for Windows 773-774
sshd_config file 673
SSL (Secure Socket Layer) 686
stackers 173-174
/stand/system file 230-231
standard I/O channels 47
standards 817-819
StarOffice 776
startup files 87-88
startup scripts 13, 24-33
FreeBSD 32-33
HP-UX 28-29
Red Hat 30-32
Solaris 28
startx 88
statd 490, 829
static electricity 746-747
static routes 284, 363-364
static-routes file 323
STD documents 264
sticky bit 69
STOP signal 50, 52, 58, 767
stty 102, 111-112
stub zones 425, 456-457
su 40-41, 215
submission agents 537, 540-541
subnetting 272-275
sudo 41-43, 79, 657, 784, 808
sudo.log file 208
SUG (Sun Users Group) 815
sulog file 208
Sun Microsystems 3
SunOS 3
superblocks 133
SuperDisks 170, 175
superuser privileges 39-43
SUS specification 818
/dev/swap file 44
swap 136, 142, 761-762
swap partitions 131
swapinfo 148
swapon 135-136, 147-148, 152, 156, 761, 764
swapper 14, 827
swapping 136, 760, 764
swatch 222-223
switches (Ethernet) 375, 377-379, 636
symbolic links 68-69
sync 35, 133, 828
syncer 828
/sys directory 234
/etc/sysconfig directory 31
sysconfig directories 323
sysctl 333
sysdef 229
sysinstall 153
syslog 210-222
actions 213
configuration dump 220
configuration examples 215-218
configuring 211-215
debugging 219-220
design hints 218
facilities 211-213
forwarding hierarchy 218
FreeBSD 214-215
Red Hat 213-214
remote logging 660
severity levels 211-213
table of clients 219
time stamps 212
using from Perl 220-222
syslog 220-221
syslog.conf file 210-217, 617
syslogd 833
/etc/system file 228-229
system administration
against your will 10
checklists 779-780
disaster planning 784-787
essential tasks 8-9
hiring and firing 797-799
Internet resources 9-10
system administration continued
orgs and conferences 814-816
personality syndrome 10-11, 799
policy agreements 779-785
privileges 39-43
resources 814-817
salaries 793
scope of service 795-796
setting expectations 797
sharing staff 786
skill tests 798
suggested toolbox 753
survey results 793-795
trouble reporting 796
System III 2
system processes 14-15
System V 2
Systems file 314, 321
S
talkd 830
tape blocking factor 185
tape drives
ADR 172, 175
AIT 173, 175
DAT (4mm) 172, 175
device files 67, 177
device names 253
DLT 172-173, 175
Exabyte (8mm) 171-172, 175
jukeboxes 173-174
Mammoth 173, 175
summary table 175
Travan 172, 175
tapes
see also tape drives
care and feeding 169-170
checking 168-169
copying 186
labeling 165
life cycle 169
positioning 186-187
summary table 175
tapetype 193
tar 184-185
T-Berd line analyzer 385
Tcl (Tool Command Language) 519
TCP 265-266, 270
connection states 632-633
layers 265
vs. UDP for NFS 489
TCP wrappers 320, 666, 808
tcp.log file 208
tcpd 666, 808
tcpdump 638-639, 808
tcsh 81, 88, 808
TCT tool kit 669
telinit 36, 108, 823
telnet 672
telnetd 832
temperature 749
TERM environment variable 110, 112
TERM signal 36, 50-51, 823
TERMCAP environment variable 110
termcap file 106, 109-110, 514
terminal driver see serial driver
terminals 104-110
capability databases 109-110
config files by vendor 105
configuring at login 112
device files 67
secure 660
setting options 111-112
Solaris 109
special characters 110-112
unwedging 112
terminators (SCSI) 122-123
terminfo file 106, 109-110
Terry, Douglas 394
TFTP protocol 289
tftpd 661, 835
The Coroner's Toolkit 669
third-party software 808-809
Thomas, Eric 560
threads 46
TIA/EIA-568A 376
time 833-834
time stamps 212
time to live 630
timed 834
tin 88
tip 104, 114
TLS security 608, 613
/tmp directory 64, 161
tmpfs 765
toner cartridges 742
tools (hardware) 753
top 57, 759
Torvalds, Linus 3
traceroute 628-631, 808
transport agents 537, 539
Travan tapes 172, 175
tripwire 668-669, 787, 809
trojan horses 662-663
trouble reporting 554, 796
troubleshooting
gated 353-355
networks 385, 626-636
runaway processes 57-59
SCSI 123-124
sendmail.cf file 615-617
serial line 115-116
sluggish system 766-768
Solaris kernel 229
syslog 219-220
wedged terminal 112
your job 10
troubmh 796
tset 112
TSTP signal 50, 52
ttyadm 109
ttydefs file 109
ttymon 109
ttys file 106
ttytab file 106
ttytype file 106
typographic conventions 4-5
T
UDP 265, 267, 271
vs. TCP for NFS 489
ufsdump 143, 178-179
ufsrestore 143
UIDs 38, 46, 72, 79
real vs. effective 38
recycling 79
site-wide management 490, 780
standard 44
Ultra SCSI see SCSI
umask 75, 88
umount 62-63, 135, 502
uname 254
UniForum 815
uninterruptible power supplies 751
Unix domain sockets 68
Unix Systems Laboratories 818
unlink 68
unreachable networks 302, 631
unsubscribing from a mailing list 545, 559
update 828
upgrades 184, 805-809
UPSs (power supplies) 786
URLs 686
us domain 398
USB (Universal Serial Bus) 117, 119
use_cw_file578Usenet 698-700
BS factor 754
description 698
liability issues 791
news feeds 698
posting through email 576
server software 699
USENIX association 793, 814
user agents 537-539
user policy agreements 782-783
useradd / userdel 91-92
usermod 83, 91-92
usernames see logins
USG (Unix Support Group) 2
USL (Unix System Laboratories) 2
/usr filesystem 64
USR1 signal 311
/etc/utmp file 208, 657, 830
UTP cables 375-377, 386
/etc/uucp directory 314
uugetty 115
V
V.90 modem standard 113
van den Berg, Stephen R. 560
/var filesystem 64
vendors
bashing 811
logos 5
recommended 390-391
third-party 803
Venema, Wietse 537, 618, 665-666, 669
Veritas 132, 143, 146, 202
VERSIONIDmacro 574vfstab file 62, 133-136, 142, 501, 504
vgcreate 145
vgdisplay 145-146
vgextend 145
vhand 827
vi 2, 88
Viega, John 559
vipw 86
Virtual Adrian 765
virtual memory 45, 131, 136, 761-763
virtual network interfaces 691-694
virtual private networks 296-297
virtusertable581-582, 590, 594viruses 596, 602
visudo 43
Vixie, Paul 394, 563
VLANs 379
vmstat 757-758, 762-763
VMware 776
volcopy 186
VXFS filesystem 147
W
wait 48
WANs 373
war stories 800-805
warranties 745-746
Warren, Rob 789
Warsaw, Barry 559
WBEM standard 639
web hosting 684-694
see also Apache
CGI s
